March is Endometriosis Awareness Month.
According to the World Health Organisation, endometriosis affects 190 million women and girls, roughly 10% of reproductive-aged females.
Endometriosis is a disease that sees the lining of the uterus grow outside of the uterus, leading to severe pain, problems with sexual intercourse, urination, bowel movements, and infertility.
The cause of endometriosis is unknown, there is no way to prevent the disease, and there is no cure.
Symptoms of endometriosis are broad, and vary woman to woman, making the disease difficult to diagnose. Endometriosis presents symptoms that are common with other conditions, leading to a delay in diagnosis. The most common symptom is chronic pelvic pain, usually made worse when menstruating. Some experience bloating, nausea, fatigue, depression, and anxiety.
The widespread nature of endometriosis means both personal and societal implications. Women who suffer with severe pain may find it difficult to work or attend school, leading to economic impacts. Avoidance of sexual intercourse can result in the breakdown of partnerships, family units or mental wellbeing, decreasing the quality of life for individuals.
Treatments can only manage the symptoms. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contraceptive medication, and painkillers are prescribed, though this is of little use to those experiencing infertility. Surgery to remove the endometrial lesions and scar tissue, along with fertility procedures, raises the chances of pregnancy.
Although there is no cure, early diagnosis is key to managing symptoms and halting any long-term effects of endometriosis. Awareness of the disease is vital in order to diagnose.
As so many women and girls across the globe suffer, research to find better treatment, the causes, and cures should be a top priority.
